Animal Symbolism in Erzurum Folktales

Animal Symbolism

Abstract

This study aims to examine the symbolic meanings of animal figures in Erzurum folktales from a folkloristic perspective. Passed down orally from generation to generation, these folktales serve not only as a means of
entertainment but also as cultural texts that reflect values, beliefs, and worldviews, guiding individuals toward ethical behavior. Animal figures in these narratives are not merely secondary elements; they play significant roles as actors embedded with the symbolic language of folk thoughts. The study is based on Bilge Seyidoğlu’s doctoral dissertation, which compiles Erzurum folktales. Animals mentioned in the tales but not assigned a functional role within the narrative have been excluded. Through document analysis and content interpretation, each animal figure is evaluated within its narrative context and interpreted with reference to mythological, religious, and cultural associations. The analysis reveals that animals such as snakes, horses, birds, dogs, foxes, deers, and fishes symbolize concepts like transformation, guidance, testing, protection, communication, and justice. It is concluded that animal symbolism in Erzurum folktales functions as an allegorical representation of both individual and collective processes of transformation, and reflects the relationship between folk culture, nature, and the supernatural.